A Survey on Various Route Optimization Techniques for Internet Applications in Network Mobility (NEMO)

The use of mobile networks is rapidly increasing day by day. There are two aspects in mobile networks such as host mobility and network mobility. The protocols are used for host mobility takes care of only single node to be connected with the internet. But, the protocols used for network mobility takes care of whole network to be connected with the internet using mobile router. The need for Networks Mobility(NEMO) support is inevitable in mobile platforms such as car, bus, train, air-plane, etc. The Mobile Internet Protocol version 6 (MIPv6) and NEMO Basic Support Protocol (BSP) is used to support host mobility and network mobility, respectively. The NEMO BSP introduces several advantages, such as reduced signaling, increased manageability, reduced power consumption and conservation of bandwidth when compared to MIPv6 to be used in the mobile platforms. The NEMO BSP also suffers from a number of limitations, like inefficient route and increased handoff latency. This paper targets to analyze network mobility issues and requirements. The aim is to explore the idea of route optimization (RO) in NEMO. After discussing the need of route optimization in NEMO, different solutions provided so far are discussed and analyzed. Still a lot of work is required to be done in the field of route optimization in NEMO. The objectives of this survey are to identify, classify RO mechanisms and to select suitable RO mechanisms to enhance Quality of Service (QoS) in different kinds of internet applications. All these issues are explained to provide a future scope of studies in this field.