Wernicke’s Encephalopathy – A Complication of Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Wernicke’s encephalopathy, a potentially fatal but treatable condition caused by thiamine deficiency, is usually suspected in the setting of chronic alcoholism. It is under-recognized when associated with other conditions. We describe a pregnant woman who presented with acute onset altered sensorium following repeated vomiting. Clinical suspicion, characteristic brain MRI, rapid recovery with thiamine confirmed the diagnosis of wernicke’s encephalopathy. We report this case to illustrate the importance of early recognition of this rare condition and to emphasize the importance of thiamine supplementation in patients of hyperemesis gravidarum in order to avoid a permanent neurological deficit.