Role of Genetics in Dentistry:A Review

Our genome plays a key role in odontogenesis and oral diseases. The dental tissues are unique and share many basic molecular mechanisms that are common to tissues throughout the body. Dental caries, periodontal diseases, malocclusion and oral cancer are the most common manifestation of genetic and environmental interaction and several genes have been primarily involved in human dentition. Consideration of genetic factors is essential for diagnosis that underlies virtually all orofacial anomalies. Common genes involved in orofacial genetic disorders are listed. It is important to identify the genetic factors that cause the existing dental problem, which may also influence the outcome in oral diagnosis. The application of the principles of genetic medicine to the diagnosis and treatment of dental diseases will fundamentally change the delivery of oral health care.