Natural Regeneration of Quercus robur L. - an Exotic Oak in Kashmir

The Investigation reveals that both anthropogenic factors and the Himalayan black bear (Selenarctos thibetanus) are important factors influencing the natural regeneration of Quercus robus L., an exotic oak in Kashmir. Practically no regeneration has been observed at sites subjected to human disturbances or frequent visits of black bears. Suggestions are made to preserve and propagate the genus to maintain the oak wood population as per requirements.